The production of electrical energy thanks to the rays coming from the sun to the earth is called solar energy. It is also called solar energy. In this system, the main source of electrical energy is the sun's rays. The sun's rays called photons, which contain energized particles, hit the solar panel.
The surface of the solar panel is covered with particles called solar cells. Solar cells are made of silicon. Silicon is the most abundant semiconductor element in nature after oxygen. These solar cells consist of two layers, n-type and p-type silicon. Thanks to these cells, photons hitting the panel create an electrical voltage and release electrical energy. When photons hit the solar cells, the energy level charged to the electrons in the p-type silicon layer increases and reaches a level that can pass through the semiconductor material. It passes through the semiconductor material and reaches the n-type silicon layer.
In this way, an electron flow occurs between the two different silicon layers as long as the sun's rays hit the panel surface. As a result, electrical energy is generated.